ZHAW develops novel muscle models

(CONNECT) The Institute of Mechanical Systems (IMES) at the ZHAW and the University of Sant'Anna in Pisa are working together on novel muscle models that can be used to experimentally test natural joints and implants. The focus of the project is on the shoulder joint. "From a biomechanical point of view, the shoulder joint is much more complex than the hip or knee," says Molly Abraham, research assistant at IMES, in a press release issued by the ZHAW. "Muscles are central to joint function in the shoulder. The deltoid muscle in particular, as the strongest muscle in the shoulder area, plays a crucial role in controlling movement."

The shoulder simulator developed by the researchers consists of a shoulder blade, a joint and an upper arm. The centerpiece is a silicone replica of the deltoid muscle connected by cable to the joint's motors. Other muscles of the shoulder are simulated by pulleys connected to motors. "Since the start of the project, we have continued to develop the muscle model and have come closer and closer to the physiological conditions," explains Abraham.

In the project, the researchers investigated how changes in the volume of the deltoid muscle can reduce the forces required for movement. The knowledge gained could be used to better evaluate operations, implants and rehabilitation strategies. ce/hs